Impicit Casting: byte->short->int->long->decimal
Explicit Casting:
int caseSwitch = 1;
switch (caseSwitch)
{
case 1:
Console.WriteLine("Case 1");
break;
case 2:
Console.WriteLine("Case 2");
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Default case");
break;
}
GetInput(out number1, out number2, out operation);
/**
* Example of out-ref
*/
public void GetInput(out int number1, out int number2, out string tmpOperator)
{
number1 = Convert.ToInt16(txtNumber1.Text);
number2 = Convert.ToInt16(txtNumber2.Text);
tmpOperator = txtOperation.Text;
}
/**
* Validate the input
*/
private bool IsValid()
{
bool valid = false;
//if (CheckForString(txtScore) && IsNumeric(txtScore))
if (txtScore.Text != "" && IsNumeric(txtScore))
{
valid = true;
}
return valid;
}
/**
* Check that TextBox is not empty
*/
private bool CheckForString(TextBox tBox)
{
bool badString = false;
if (tBox.Text.Length > 0)
{
badString = true;
}
return badString;
}
/**
* Check that TextBox contains a number and is in range
*/
private bool IsNumeric(TextBox tBox)
{
bool valid = false;
try
{
if (Convert.ToInt16(tBox.Text) >= 0 && Convert.ToInt16(tBox.Text) <= 100)
{
valid = true;
}
else
{
// OverflowException the number was out of range
MessageBox.Show("Valid test scores range\nfrom 0 to 100.");
}
}
catch(FormatException)
{
// it was not a number
valid = false;
MessageBox.Show("Enter a number\nfrom 0 to 100.");
};
return valid;
}
/**
* Exit button - close the form
*/
private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Close();
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
/*
* Pogram3 - Score Calculator
* Description:
* Author Craig Pounds
* Version Nov 13, 2014
*/
namespace ScoreCalculator
{
public partial class frmScoreCalculator : Form
{
public frmScoreCalculator()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
// decalare variables
int[] scores = new int[5];
int scoreTotal = 0;
int scoreCount = 0;
int average;
/**
* Add button - for valid data, calls clearScores if
* scoreCount > the size of the Array scores, calls
* CalculateScores() and FormOutput.
* Returns the focus to txtScore and selects its text.
*/
private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (IsValid())
{
if (scoreCount > scores.GetUpperBound(0))
{
ClearScores();
}
CalculateScores();
FormOutput();
txtScore.Focus();
txtScore.SelectAll();
}
}
/**
* Display scores button - builds a string from
* the current values in the scores array and
* then prints it in a MessageBox "Scores"
*/
private void btnDisplay_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string scoreMessage = "";
for (int i = 0; i < scoreCount; i++)
{
scoreMessage += scores[i] + "\n";
}
MessageBox.Show(scoreMessage, "Scores");
}
/**
* Clear scores button - call clearScores(),
* clear and return focus to input textbox.
*/
private void btnClear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ClearScores();
txtScore.Text = "";
txtScore.Focus();
}
/**
* Clear the textboxes and global variables
* for scoreTotal scoreCount and scoreAverage.
*/
private void ClearScores()
{
txtTotal.Text = "";
txtCount.Text = "";
txtAverage.Text = "";
scoreTotal = 0;
scoreCount = 0;
average = 0;
}
/**
* Exit button - close the form
*/
private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Close();
}
/**
* Calculate the average score, scoreTotal and
* update the scoreCount
*/
private void CalculateScores()
{
int total = 0;
scores[scoreCount] = Convert.ToInt16(txtScore.Text);
for (int i = 0; i <= scoreCount; i++)
{
total += scores[i];
}
average = total / (scoreCount + 1);
scoreTotal = total;
scoreCount++;
}
/**
* Output scoreTotal, scoreCount and
* average to the form
*/
private void FormOutput()
{
txtTotal.Text = Convert.ToString(scoreTotal);
txtCount.Text = Convert.ToString(scoreCount);
txtAverage.Text = Convert.ToString(average);
}
/**
* Validate the input
*/
private bool IsValid()
{
bool valid = false;
if (CheckForString(txtScore) && IsNumeric(txtScore))
{
valid = true;
}
return valid;
}
/**
* Check that TextBox is not empty
*/
private bool CheckForString(TextBox tBox)
{
bool badString = false;
if (tBox.Text.Length > 0)
{
badString = true;
}
return badString;
}
/**
* Check that TextBox contains a number and is in range
*/
private bool IsNumeric(TextBox tBox)
{
bool valid = false;
try
{
if (Convert.ToInt16(tBox.Text) >= 0 && Convert.ToInt16(tBox.Text) <= 100)
{
valid = true;
}
else
{
// OverflowException the number was out of range
MessageBox.Show("Valid test scores range\nfrom 0 to 100.");
}
}
catch (FormatException)
{
// it was not a number
valid = false;
MessageBox.Show("Enter a number\nfrom 0 to 100.");
};
return valid;
}
}
}